Inflation—Deflation

Inflationary Surge - Shoe Production Decreases

(Money Supply Increases for a Period)

Shoe Production Decreases

Shoe Production Decreases -2.00%/Month
Wheat Production Fixed 0.00%/Month

Money Supply Increases
from month 20 through month 30

2.00%/Month

In this case shoe production declines throughout. We have the same upward surge in money near the middle of the period.

Inflation-Deflation

Here the decline in production starts a trend of rising dollar prices. The surge of money artificially accelerates that rise.

Direct Exchange

Inflation-Deflation

The surge has no effect on direct exchange prices.

The surge in money makes shoe production appear to decline even more than it has.

Let's see what a downward surge in money does.